[news]为什么阿尔茨海默病女性发病率是男性的两倍多

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为什么阿尔茨海默病女性发病率是男性的两倍多

一组专家就未来研究方向已达成共识以探究为什么美国的阿尔茨海默病患者中接近2/3是女性。这份共识以圆桌讨论的形式发表在了《女性健康杂志》上，该杂志是出版商MaryAnn Liebert公司的同行评议出版物。文章可在女性健康杂志的网页上免费查阅到。

估计有540万美国人受阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆的影响，如不能发现有效的治疗或预防措施，这个数字将很有可能在2050年前上升到110~160万。阿尔茨海默病的主要危险因素是年龄和性别，女性患者比男性患者的数目多一倍。部分原因可能是因为女性的寿命更长。

由女性健康研究社团（华盛顿特区）组织的跨学科圆桌会议专家制定了一套建议来帮助指导未来阿尔茨海默病的研究并使性别差异的评估成为未来研究的组成部分之一。这份已达成一致的建议包括七个主题，即：评估性别和阿尔茨海默病发病率的联系性的需要，提高研究人员对性别差异的意识，将性别差异的考虑纳入实验设计，疾病危险因素研究、早期诊断及研发药物的数据分析中。

“对于性别在阿尔茨海默病的发病起始和发展中的作用仍存在很大的知识空白，而这些建议将对未来这一领域的研究提供有效的指导。”医学博士，女性健康杂志主编，弗吉尼亚联邦大学女性健康学院执行主任，女性健康学院主席，Susan G Koernstein说。

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Why Does Alzheimer's Disease Affect Twice As Many Women As Men?
A group of experts has developed consensus recommendations for future research directions to determine why nearly two-thirds of Americans with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are women. The recommendations are published in a Roundtable discussion in Journal of Women's Health, a peer-reviewed publication from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers. The article is available free on the Journal of Women's Health website.

An estimated 5.4 million Americans are affected by AD and related dementias, and that number will likely rise to 11-16 million people by the year 2050 if no effective cures or preventive measures are developed. The main risk factors for AD are age and sex, with affected women outnumbering men 2 to 1. This may be due at least in part to the fact that women tend to live longer.

An interdisciplinary roundtable of experts convened by the Society for Women's Health Research (Washington, DC) led to a set of recommendations to help guide future AD research and make the evaluation of sex and gender differences a component of future studies. The consensus recommendations encompass seven themes, including the need to assess the link between sex and AD incidence, raise awareness of sex differences among the research community, and to take into account sex-based differences in the experimental design and data analysis of studies on disease risk, early diagnosis, and drug discovery.

"There are still major gaps in our knowledge of the role of sex and gender in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease, and these recommendations will provide a useful guide for future research in this area," says Susan G. Kornstein, MD, Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Women's Health, Executive Director of the Virginia Commonwealth University Institute for Women's Health, Richmond, VA, and President of the Academy of Women's Health.